==== systemd 是 Linux 下的一款系统和服务管理器,兼容 SysV 和 LSB 的启动脚本。 ==== === systemd 的特性有:支持并行化任务;同时采用 socket 式与 D-Bus 总线式激活服务;按需启动守护进程(daemon);利用 Linux 的 cgroups 监视进程;支持快照和系统恢复;维护挂载点和自动挂载点;各服务间基于依赖关系进行精密控制。=== ^任务 ^旧指令 ^新指令^ |使某服务自动启动 |chkconfig --level 3 httpd on |systemctl enable httpd.service| |使某服务不自动启动 |chkconfig --level 3 httpd off |systemctl disable httpd.service| |检查服务状态 |service httpd status |systemctl status httpd.service (服务详细信息) systemctl is-enabled httpd.service (仅显示是否 Active)| |显示所有已启动的服务 |chkconfig --list |systemctl list-units --type=service| |启动某服务 |service httpd start |systemctl start httpd.service| |停止某服务 |service httpd stop |systemctl stop httpd.service| |重启某服务 |service httpd restart |systemctl restart httpd.service| |某服务重新加载配置文件 |service httpd reload |systemctl reload httpd.service| # systemctl #输出已激活单元 # systemctl list-units #输出已激活单元 # systemctl --failed #输出运行失败的单元 # systemctl list-unit-files #查看所有已安装服务 # systemctl start nginx #启动nginx # systemctl stop nginx #停止nginx # systemctl restart nginx #重启nginx # systemctl reload nginx #重新加载nginx配置 # systemctl status nginx #输出nginx运行状态 # systemctl is-enabled nginx #检查nginx是否配置为自动启动 # systemctl enable nginx #开机自动启动nginx # systemctl disable nginx #取消开机自动启动nginx # systemctl help nginx #显示nginx的手册页 # systemctl daemon-reload #重新载入 systemd,扫描新的或有变动的单元 # systemctl reboot #重启 # systemctl poweroff #退出系统并停止电源 # systemctl suspend #待机 # systemctl hibernate #休眠 # systemctl hybrid-sleep #混合休眠模式(同时休眠到硬盘并待机 # systemctl isolate graphical.target #等价于telinit 3 或 telinit 5